温暖化対策G8関連フォーラム、オバマ米大統領の主導権の試金石に2009年07月02日 16:39（日本時間／ロイター）
渡欧を控えた7月4日の独立記念日、就任以来Youtube配信も続ける週次演説を収録するオバマ大統領（White House Photo, Pete Souza）
Posted byagf presson2009/07/07
［ワシントン 2日 ロイター］
［with english version］
オバマ米大統領は、今月9日にイタリアのラクイラで開かれる温暖化対策のための主要経済国フォーラム首脳会合（MEF）の議長を務める。米国では下院が前週、温暖化ガスの排出削減目標を盛り込んだ温暖化対策法案を可決したばかり。その勢いに乗り温暖化対策を最重要政策課題に掲げるオバマ大統領が、国際舞台で温暖化対策で主導権を握れるか、MEF首脳会合は試金石となる。
Obama's climate leadership faces test at G8 forum
U.S. President Obama chairs a Major Economies Forum (MEF) about global warming in L'Aquila, Italy on July 9.
In the U.S., the House of Representatives passed legislation for anti-global warming, including targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, on last week. President Obama, who listed climate change problem as a one of the priorities, faces his first test at a MEF summit that could lead global warming pact on a world stage.
MEFは日米などの主要国（G8）に加え、中国、インド、ブラジル、南アフリカなどの途上国を含む全16カ国と欧州連合（EU）が参加。参加国による温暖化ガス排出量は世界全体の75%に上るため、MEF首脳会合での合意は、12月にコペンハーゲンで開かれる国連気候変動枠組み条約（UNFCCC）締約国会合で合意を目指す、「京都議定書」に続く新たな国際的な温暖化ガス削減目標の青写真となる可能性がある。
In MEF, major countries (G8), such as Japan, U.S., 16 developing countries includes China, India, Brazil, South Africa and European Union countries (EU) will participate. Greenhouse gas emissions of the countries account for roughly 75 percent of the world's emissions, making any agreement from its leaders a potential blueprint for a new international target of gas emissions after "Kyoto protocol" when United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) meeting held in Copenhagen in December.
In MEF, major countries (G8), such as Japan, U.S., 16 developing countries includes China, India, Brazil, South Africa and European Union countries (EU) will participate. Greenhouse gas emissions of the countries account for roughly 75 percent of the world's emissions, making any agreement from its leaders a potential blueprint for a new international target of gas emissions after "Kyoto protocol" when United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) meeting held in Copenhagen in December.
MEFはオバマ大統領の主導のもと今年に入り再編成された後、温暖化対策で議論を重ねてきたが、これまで主だった成果は上げていない。
温暖化対策をめぐっては、途上国は先進国に対し温暖化ガス排出量を2020年までに1990年水準比25─40%削減するよう求めている。一方で先進国は途上国に対し環境に配慮した上で経済成長を追及するよう求めるなど、議論がかみあっていない。イタリアでのMEF会合は、各国首脳がこうした問題について初めて議論を交わす舞台となる。
Meetings of the forum, which Obama re-launched earlier this year, have so far failed to achieve major breakthroughs. Developing countries want their industrial counterparts to reduce emissions by 25 to 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2020, while rich nations want developing states to commit to boosting their economies in an environmentally friendly way. MEF meeting in Italy will be the first place to debate about these kinds of problem at a heads of state and government level.
温暖化対策をめぐっては、途上国は先進国に対し温暖化ガス排出量を2020年までに1990年水準比25─40%削減するよう求めている。一方で先進国は途上国に対し環境に配慮した上で経済成長を追及するよう求めるなど、議論がかみあっていない。イタリアでのMEF会合は、各国首脳がこうした問題について初めて議論を交わす舞台となる。
Meetings of the forum, which Obama re-launched earlier this year, have so far failed to achieve major breakthroughs. Developing countries want their industrial counterparts to reduce emissions by 25 to 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2020, while rich nations want developing states to commit to boosting their economies in an environmentally friendly way. MEF meeting in Italy will be the first place to debate about these kinds of problem at a heads of state and government level.
ワシントンの米戦略国際問題研究所のシニア・フェロー、ヘザー・コンリー氏は、欧州勢は「この機会を利用し、米国から大幅な温暖化ガス排出量削減の確約を得るために最大限の努力をする」と述べ「欧州各国は、今回の会合が12月のコペンハーゲンでのUNFCCC会合へ向けた大切な一歩となることを良く理解している。そのため、対外的には努力を評価する態度をとり、水面下では圧力をかけるという戦術に出るだろう」と述べた。
Europeans "want to seize this moment to push as hard as they can on the Americans to get significant targeted commitments on carbon emissions reduction," said Heather Conley, a senior fellow at the Washington-based Center for U.S. Strategic & International Studies. "European countries know that this is going to be a very careful walk along the road to UNFCCC meeting in Copenhagen in December and they're going to publicly praise and privately push hard."
Europeans "want to seize this moment to push as hard as they can on the Americans to get significant targeted commitments on carbon emissions reduction," said Heather Conley, a senior fellow at the Washington-based Center for U.S. Strategic & International Studies. "European countries know that this is going to be a very careful walk along the road to UNFCCC meeting in Copenhagen in December and they're going to publicly praise and privately push hard."
民主党のオバマ大統領はブッシュ前共和党政権から路線を切り替え、「キャップ・アンド・トレード」と呼ばれる二酸化炭素などの温暖化ガスの排出権取引制度の導入を準備するなど、温暖化ガスの排出削減に努めている。前週に米下院が可決した温暖化対策法案は、大企業は温暖化ガスの排出量を2020年までに2005年水準から17%、2030年までに42%、2050年までに83%削減することを求めており、オバマ政権の環境対策実現に弾みがついた。
A Democrat, President Obama has reversed the environmental policies of Republican predecessor Bush by pressing for U.S. greenhouse gas emission cuts and a "cap-and-trade" system to limit carbon dioxide output.
The House of Representatives helped turn Obama's vision into a potential law last week by passing a climate change bill that would require large companies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 17 percent by 2020, 42 percent by 2030 and 83 percent by 2050, from 2005 levels.
A Democrat, President Obama has reversed the environmental policies of Republican predecessor Bush by pressing for U.S. greenhouse gas emission cuts and a "cap-and-trade" system to limit carbon dioxide output.
The House of Representatives helped turn Obama's vision into a potential law last week by passing a climate change bill that would require large companies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 17 percent by 2020, 42 percent by 2030 and 83 percent by 2050, from 2005 levels.
世界自然保護基金（WWF）の気候変動に関する国際交渉担当のディレクター、ケヤ・チャタージー氏は、先進国各国はこれまで、温暖化対策に消極的だったブッシュ前米政権を隠れ蓑にして、排出ガス削減目標の確約を避けてきたと指摘。「昨年まではカナダ、ロシア、日本などの各国は、ブッシュ前米政権の後ろに隠れていられた。しかしもはや隠れ蓑はない」と述べた。
Keya Chatterjee, director of international climate negotiations at environmental group World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) said other industrialized nations had used the Bush administration's reluctance to sign up to major emissions curbs as an excuse to avoid making their own strong commitments. "In the past year it's been very easy for Canada and Russia and Japan to hide behind the Bush administration, but they don't have that to hide behind anymore," she said.
Keya Chatterjee, director of international climate negotiations at environmental group World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) said other industrialized nations had used the Bush administration's reluctance to sign up to major emissions curbs as an excuse to avoid making their own strong commitments. "In the past year it's been very easy for Canada and Russia and Japan to hide behind the Bush administration, but they don't have that to hide behind anymore," she said.
イタリアのラクイラで開かれる今回のMEF首脳会合で採択される予定の声明文の草稿によると、温暖化ガスの世界全体の排出量を2050年までに半減させる。ただし、基準となる年については明記していない。
According to a draft copy of the statement of MEF meeting in L'Aquila, Italy to be released by the major emitters sets a goal for the world to reduce emissions 50 percent by 2050, but it does not include a base year.
© Thomson Reuters 2009 All rights reserved.
（対訳／agf press）
According to a draft copy of the statement of MEF meeting in L'Aquila, Italy to be released by the major emitters sets a goal for the world to reduce emissions 50 percent by 2050, but it does not include a base year.
© Thomson Reuters 2009 All rights reserved.
（対訳／agf press）
